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基于记忆引导的多专家网络的数据去偏

Debiasing with Memory-guided Multi-expert Network

  • 摘要: 自然语言理解模型容易受到数据集偏差的影响,出现泛化性差的问题。模型通常先编码文本得到表征,后接分类器进行分类。之前的方法认为,从表征中过滤有偏的部分可以去除偏差。该文认为,基于表征校准的方法需要引入特征空间中偏差的先验知识,不一定能够合理地描述偏差。因此,不同于之前从特征出发的工作,该文从分类器入手缓解数据偏差,提出了一个记忆引导的多专家网络,使用多个分类器关注不同子空间的特征。此外,模型根据不同时刻专家的分类结果为样本动态地分配训练步长,提升模型对困难样本的记忆。在自然语言理解任务的多个基准数据集上(MNLI, FEVER, QQP),该方法通过牺牲少部分ID(In-Distribution)性能,显著提升了OOD(Out-of-Distribution)性能。

     

    Abstract: Natural language understanding models are prone to biases in datasets, which usually leads to poor generalizability. Previous methods believed that filtering biased parts from the text representations could eliminate bias. This paper argues that representation-calibration methods need to introduce a priori knowledge of bias in the feature space, which may not necessarily describe the bias reasonably. Therefore, this paper proposes to mitigate data bias from the perspective of the classifier, and presents a memory-guided multi-expert network that uses multiple classifiers to focus on different subspace features. In addition, the model dynamically allocates training steps for samples based on the classification results of experts at different times, improving the model's memorization of difficult samples. This method significantly improves Out-of-Distribution (OOD) performance at the cost of a small part of the In-Distribution (ID) performance on multiple benchmark datasets for natural language understanding tasks (MNLI, FEVER, and QQP).

     

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