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融合案情知识的刑事案件数值型要素计算方法

Numerical Element Calculation Method for Criminal Cases with Case Knowledge

  • 摘要: 刑事案件中的数值型要素计算旨在从案情描述中计算出与犯罪嫌疑人相关的数值,其能有效支撑刑期预测等下游任务。目前数值型要素计算主要依赖基于规则的方法,且只针对单一数值、单一案由,难以泛化到其他数值与案由。虽然基于图神经网络的模型具有数值计算的能力,但已有构图方式无法较好地应用于刑事案件。针对上述问题,该文提出了一种融合案情知识的刑事案件数值型要素计算方法。首先,面向刑事案件案情描述构建“案情知识”异构图;其次在“案情知识”异构图上使用图注意力网络推理,充分捕获嫌疑人与数值之间的语义信息;最后给数值分配一个算术符号,从而得到一个算术表达式,以此进行答案计算,有效解决了上述问题。在某省法院的多案由刑事案件数据集与2021年法研杯数据集上的实验结果表明,所提方法具有较强的泛化性,并且准确率比基线模型平均提升约3个百分点。

     

    Abstract: The calculation of numerical elements in criminal cases aims to determine the final values related to the suspect from the case description, providing the necessary support for the sentence prediction. Although models based on graph neural networks have numerical computing capabilities, existing composition methods cannot be well applied to criminal cases. This paper proposes a numerical element calculation method for criminal cases that integrates case knowledge. Firstly, we construct a heterogeneous graph of “case knowledge” for the description of criminal cases. Then we apply the graph attention network inference on the heterogeneous graph of "case knowledge" to fully capture the semantic information between suspects and numerical values. Finally, an arithmetic symbol is assigned to the numerical value to obtain an arithmetic expression for calculation. The experimental results on the multi cause criminal cases from a certain provincial court and the 2021 LAIC dataset show that the proposed method improves the average accuracy by 3% compared to the baseline model.

     

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