语义场是词语意义联系在一起构成的语义系统。一门语言的所有子语义场合在一起,就是该语言的语义场。探索用复杂网络来表示汉语的语义场,基于联想场的概念,该文提出用复杂网络表示汉语的语义场。该网络的节点度,节点权值与边权值均服从无标度分布。展示结点度、结点权值、边权值在一定范围的内容,观察到一些在网络视角才能发掘出的现象。该文将较特别的现象展示给语言学界的专家们,期望引起共鸣,得到对这些现象的更合理解释。
Abstract
Semantic field is the semantic system composed of glosseme and the linkage among themselves. For a given language, all sub-semantic-field forms the whole semantic filed for that language. According to the conception of association semantic filed, we employ the complex network to represent Chinese semantic field. The scale-free distributions of node degree, node weight, and edge weight, are observed in this network. Some net-work unique language phenomena can be discovered by terms whose node degree, node weight, edge weight are in specific ranges. We demonstrate some specific phenomena detected, expecting further studies would provide reasonable explanations.
关键词
语义场 /
复杂网络 /
无标度分布
{{custom_keyword}} /
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] Ferrer I Cancho R. The structure of syntactic dependency networks: Insights from recent advances in network theory[J]. The Problems of Quantitative Linguistics,2005: 60-75.
[2] Mehler A. Large text networks as an object of corpus linguistic studies[J]. Corpus Linguistics.An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society,2007: 328-382.
[3] Solé R V, Corominas Murtra B, Valverde S, et al. Language networks: Their structure, function, and evolution[J]. Complexity, 2010, 15(6): 20-26.
[4] 韦洛霞, 李勇, 李伟,等. 汉字网络的3度分隔与小世界效应[J]. 科学通报,2004, 49(024): 2615-2616.
[5] 韦洛霞, 李勇, 康世勇,等.汉语词组网的组织结构与无标度特性[J]. 科学通报,2005, 50(015): 1575-1579.
[6] 刘知远, 孙茂松. 汉语词同现网络的小世界效应和无标度特性[J]. 中文信息学报,2007, 21(006): 52-58.
[7] 刘知远, 郑亚斌, 孙茂松. 汉语依存句法网络的复杂网络性质[J]. 复杂系统与复杂性科学, 2008, 5(2): 37-45.
[8] Ferrer I Cancho R, Sole R V. The small world of human language[J]. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 2001, 268(1482): 2261-2265.
[9] Dorogovtsev S N, Mendes J F. Language as an Evolving Word Web[J]. Proceedings: Biological Sciences. 2001, 268(1485): 2603-2606.
[10] Ferrer I Cancho R, Solé R V, Khler R. Patterns in syntactic dependency networks[J]. Physical Review E, 2004, 69(5): 051915.
[11] Kinouchi O, Martinez A S, Lima G F, et al. Deterministic walks in random networks: An application to thesaurus graphs[J]. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications. 2002, 315(3-4): 665-676.
[12] Steyvers M, Tenenbaum J B. The Large-Scale Structure of Semantic Networks: Statistical Analyses and a Model of Semantic Growth[J]. Cognitive Science. 2001, 29(1): 41-78.
[13] Albert R, Barabasi A L, Jeong H, et al. Statistical Mechanics of Complex Networks[J]. Nature Genetics. 2002, 31: 60-63.
[14] Newman M E. The structure and function of complex networks[J]. SIAM Review, Arxiv preprint cond-mat/0303516. 2003, 45: 167-256.
[15] Sigman M, Cecchi G A. Global organization of the Wordnet lexicon[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2002, 99(3): 1742-1747.
[16] Motter A E, de Moura A P S, Lai Y C, et al. Topology of the conceptual network of language[J]. Physical Review E, 2002, 65(6): 065102.
[17] 周强. 汉语句法树库标注体系[J]. 中文信息学报. 2004, 18(004): 1-8.
[18] 周明, 黄昌宁. 面向语料库标注的汉语依存体系的探讨[J]. 中文信息学报. 1994, 8(003): 35-52.
[19] 陈芯莹, 刘海涛. 汉语句法网络的中心节点研究[J]. 科学通报. 2011, 56(10): 735-740.
[20] 刘海涛. 汉语语义网络的统计特性[J]. 科学通报. 2009(014): 2060-2064.
[21] 贾彦德. 汉语语义学[M]. 北京: 北京大学出版社, 1999. 147-208.
[22] 林纪诚. 英语语篇中词汇衔接手段试探[J]. 外国语 (上海外国语学院学报), 1986, 5: 20-26.
[23] 夏日光. 语义联想场与名形词类转变的英译[J]. 西安外国语学院学报. 2004, 12(4): 84-86.
[24] 王悦. 俄语语义场划分的原则与类型[J]. 经济研究导刊. 2012,14: 227-228.
[25] 杨华. 复杂网络在自然语言处理中的应用初探[M]. 南京: 南京大学出版社, 2012: 126-137.
{{custom_fnGroup.title_cn}}
脚注
{{custom_fn.content}}
基金
国家自然科学基金(61070243)、国家社科基金(11&ZD189)、贵州省高层次人才科研项目(TZJF-2010年048号)、贵州省科教青年英才培养工程项目(“黔省专合字(2012)155号”)、贵州师范大学博士科研启动基金项目(11904-05032110011)
{{custom_fund}}