该文用“图”这一数学工具,通过定量分析来揭示语言系统中的隐性规律,设计了“赢家通吃”和“赢多输少”两种生成算法,将理想算法“步步竞争、择优而行”的博弈论思路贯彻到非理想状态。两种新算法都较前人有更好的概括能力。赢多输少算法更兼顾了充分概括和适度概括均衡。生成语图后,该设计着重准确率的最小简图和着重覆盖率的最大简图归纳算法,挖掘控制的主流规则、分析语言系统的语言学规律。在最小简图基础上提出控制度公式以评价语言系统。
Abstract
We tried to reveal convert laws with quantitative analysis through graphs and designed two generating algorithms of language graphs: Winner-get-all and Winner-more-loser-less, which extend the game theory used by idea-algorithm to none-perfect state. Compared to previous methods, the proposed two algorithms have better generalization capability. Especially, we balance between full and modest generation in the Winner-more-loser-less algorithm. There are two kinds of inductive algorithms to mine mainstream rules and analyze linguistic laws: Min-Subgraphs for accuracy, as well as Max-Subgraphs for coverage. A formula for control degree based on min-subgraphs is put forward to evaluate language systems.
关键词
隐性规律 /
图论 /
博弈论 /
规则挖掘
{{custom_keyword}} /
Key words
covert laws /
graph theory /
game theory /
rules mining
{{custom_keyword}} /
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 曹晋.语义地图理论及方法[J].语文研究,2012(2):3-6.
[2] 郭锐.语义地图概念的最小关联原则和关联度[A].李小凡,张敏,郭锐.汉语多功能语法形式的语义地图研究[M].北京:商务印书馆,2015,152-172.
[3] H.Martin,The geometry of grammatical meaning:semantic maps and cross-linguistic comparison[C]//Proceedings of the New Psychology of Language:Cognitive and Functional Approaches to Language Structure.Mahwah,NJ.Erlbaum.2003:211-242.
[4] Reinhard Diestel,于青林,王涛译.图论(第四版)[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2013.
[5] 陈振宇,陈振宁.通过地图分析揭示语法学中的隐性规律——“加权最少边地图”[J].中国语文,2015,05:428-438.
[6] Nooy, Mrvar, Batagelj,等. 蜘蛛: 社会网络分析技术(第二版)[M].北京:世界图书出版公司,2012.
[7] H Martin.Indefinite Pronouns[M].Oxford:Clarendon,1997.
[8] C Michael.Building Semantic Maps:the Case of Person Marking[M].M Miestamo & B Walchli.New Challenges in typology:Broadening the horizons and redefining the foundations.Berlin:Mouton,2007:225-248.
[9] Ferdinand de Haan. On Representing Semantic Maps[EB/OL]. URL:http://emeld.org/workshop/2004/deHaan-paper.doc.2004.
[10] 郭锐.汉语动词的过程结构[J].中国语文,1993,06:410-419.
[11] 亢世勇.面向信息处理的现代汉语语法研究[M].上海:上海辞书出版社,2004.
[12] 陆丙甫,屈正林.语义投射连续性假说:原理和引申——兼论定语标记的不同功能基础[M].语言学论丛(第四十二辑).北京:商务印书馆,2010:112-128.
[13] 吴福祥. 从“得”义动词到补语标记——东南亚语言的一种语法化区域[J]. 中国语文,2009,03:195-211,287.
{{custom_fnGroup.title_cn}}
脚注
{{custom_fn.content}}
基金
教育部人文社会科学规划基金“现代汉语句法与语义计算研究”(13YJA740005)
{{custom_fund}}
PDF(4051 KB)
