隐喻通常借助具体的概念来表达抽象的概念。如果能判断出文本中词语所指的概念是具体还是抽象的,即度量出词语的抽象程度,那么这将为隐喻的机器识别提供重要的依据。该文提出基于跨语言知识迁移的汉语词语抽象性度量方法,把英语中的词语抽象性知识迁移到汉语中来。提出基于词语抽象性知识的隐喻识别方法,并详细分析了词语抽象性与隐喻之间的关系。实验表明,知识迁移是可行的,基于抽象性知识的隐喻识别有较高的准确率,可以有效提高从真实文本中抽取隐喻的效率。
Abstract
In metaphors, abstract things are usually described in terms of concrete things. If we can decide whether a word is concrete or abstract, we will provide useful clues for automatic metaphor recognition. This paper proposed a cross-lingual knowledge transfer method to adapt English word abstractness knowledge to Chinese. Then we propose a metaphor recognition method based on word abstractness and analyze in detail the relation between word abstractness and metaphor. Experimental results show that, the cross-lingual knowledge transfer method is feasible to measure Chinese word abstractness, the abstractness-based metaphor recognition method achieves a high precision score, and it can improve the efficiency of metaphor extraction from real texts.
关键词
隐喻识别 /
词语抽象性 /
跨语言知识迁移
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Key words
metaphor recognition /
word abstractness /
cross-lingual knowledge transfer
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参考文献
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脚注
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基金
国家自然科学基金(61402419, 61170163);国家社会科学基金(14BYY096);国家重点基础研究发展计划 973 课题(2014CB340504);计算语言学教育部重点实验室(北京大学)开放课题(201301, 201401)
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